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Author: admin
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Pressure Tank Essentials: Membrane vs Air Cushion Autoclaves
SELECTION AND SIZING OF THE AUTOCLAVE The supply pressure tank, or autoclave, is used to limit the number of pump starts per hour by supply part of its water reserve to the circuit, which is kept pressurised by the air above it. The autoclave may be of the air cushion or membrane type. In the…
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Pressure Drop and Fluid Dynamics in Pipes
This is the resistance opposed to the flow of the fluid by the walls of a pipe or by variations of diameter of the pipe, or at intersections with bends and valves in the circuit. It is also determined by the fluid temperature and geodetic height of the installation. It is generally expressed in watercolumn…
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What is Pump Total Head? Key Factors in Fluid Mechanics
Determination of the HEAD (H) The head is the maximum total difference in level which a pump can elevate a fluid. The head includes the level difference between the pump and the supply tank, if located at a lower level, and the difference between the pumpand the destination tank at a higher level. The route…
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Understanding IP Protection Ratings for Electrical Equipment
PROTECTION RATING This is identified as IP (Ingress Protection – the degree of protection against the ingress of foreign materials and agents). CEI EN 60529 (protection rating of housings – IP code) establishes the IP rating to indicate the protection of electrical equipment against access to live components and against penetration by water and foreign…
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Understanding Direct and Star-Delta Motor Starting Techniques
Direct start Direct starting is the simplest method of starting and is obtained by connecting the motor’s rated voltage to the stator. In general, this is used for small motors which can run up to speed in short time.Fig. 1 shows the direct starting procedure, obtained by closingconnections “1”. The main disadvantages, as can be…
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Understanding Fluid Flow Rate (Q) for Efficient Water Supply
Determining the FLOW RATE (Q)The quantity of fluid that passes through a section of area “A” in unit time. The first value to calculate when sizing a pressurisation unit is the total quantity of water it must supply to satisfy the maximum theoretical demand, given by the sum of the water demand at each point…
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PUMP SUCTION HEAD
NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head) A pump installed above the water level can suck the water due to theatmospheric pressure on the surface itself, which is equivalent to about 10 m of water column. This means that, however great the suction power of the pump, the height from which it can draw up the fluid…
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Aqua System Pressure Tank / Expansion tank
INSTALLATION AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Before turning on the vessel supply, check that it is correctly installed, fill it switching on the pump until the pressure switch turns it off automatically. Turn on and off repeatedly the farest tap in order to exhaust the air bubbles inside the pipes. After this turn on one or more…
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Expansion tank
SPECIFICATION In hot-water heating systems, when the water is being heated from 10 °C to 90 °C its volume expands by %3.55 of its initial volume. In order to absorb this expansion caused by the heat we use expansion tanks. Along with the safety of the system expansion tanks also fulfill the task to prevent…
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Pressure tank
Principle use pressure tank Reducing the running time of pumps in booster systems, preventing the water hammer in installations and storing ready-for-use pressurized water are among the main tasks of a booster pressure tank. The volume and the pressure class of the booster pressure tank depends on the specifications and application requirements of the booster…
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Pressure tank Instruction
a pressure balance tank for sanitary installations to prevent the over-operation of the water pump Reducing the running time of pumps in booster systems, preventing the water hammer in installations and storing ready-for-use pressurized water are among the main tasks of a booster pressure tank. MAINTENANCE 1. Maintenance should be realized by qualified personnel and…
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Regular Electric Motor Inspections
Frequency Inspection Items Daily check (1) Inspect exterior Daily check (2) Check for vibration or unusual sounds. Daily check (3) Check bearing temperature. Daily check (4) Check frame temperature. Daily check (5) Remove any dirt or debris from slip rings and brush holder area. Annually check (1) Check bearing grease and lubricating oil levels and…
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Regular Pump Inspections
(1) Inspect pump appearance. (2) Check for vibration or unusual sounds. (3) Check bearing temperature. Confirm that room temperature is 40°C or less. (4) Check lubricating oil pressure – for oil bath bearing (5) Check for excessive generation of heat in gland. (6) Check for water leakage from gland packing/ mechanical seal (7) Check pressure …
